Fernando Segolin contributed a long introductory essay about de Melo e Castro's poems. The first concrete poems in Portugal appeared in 1962 in a book entitled "Ideogramas." -- Source of annotation: Marvin or Ruth Sackner.

Surprisingly, there is no explcit information about concrete poetry in this book. -- Source of annotation: Marvin or Ruth Sackner.

A table of chronology of Portuguese concrete poetry included in this book indicates that it began in 1962 with publication of de Melo e Castro's book, "Ideogramas." The book reprints texts and correspondence from the early days of concrete poetry in Portugal. -- Source of annotation: Marvin or Ruth Sackner.

This book is a history of Portuguese poetry. -- Source of annotation: Marvin or Ruth Sackner.